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Harm and control index of ammonia nitrogen?
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Author : Ena
Update time : 2021-01-24 15:52:24
Harm and control index of ammonia nitrogen?
Ammonia nitrogen exists in water in two forms: ammonia (NH3) and ammonium (NH4+). The latter is non-toxic to farmed animals, while non-ionic ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) has strong toxicity to farmed animals. Ammonia has high fat solubility, which enters the cultured animals through gills and membranes, damages gill epidermal cells, increases the concentration of ammonia in blood and tissues, reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood, and increases the pH value of blood, thus causing abnormal changes in the activity of various enzymes in the cultured animals, which are reflected as metabolic dysfunction or tissue function damage, which makes the cultured animals unable to react normally, and even changes the membrane permeability of internal organs, resulting in osmotic adjustment imbalance, congestion, presentation and bleeding.
The toxicity of ammonia nitrogen is also closely related to the pH value and water temperature of pool water. The higher the water temperature and pH value, the stronger its toxicity. This is why farmed animals are prone to ammonia poisoning in summer when the pH value of pool water exceeds 9. Moreover, the tolerance of the same cultured animal species to ammonia nitrogen is weaker than that of adult animals. Different farmed animals have different tolerance to ammonia nitrogen.
Acute ammonia nitrogen poisoning has the following symptoms：
A. the farmed animals roam while walking, and their heads float in broad daylight. the farmed animals are struggling and swimming, and sometimes appear symptoms such as sinking, lying on one side and spasm.
B. Shortness of breath, mouth crack and sometimes wide open.
C. The gill cover is partially opened, and the gill filaments are purple-red or purple-black, sometimes bleeding occurs.
D. The fins are stretched and the base is bleeding.
E. generally, the body color of cultured animals is pale, and the mucus on the body surface is increased. Exophthalmos before death, open abdominal cavity, blood coagulation, dark color, purple but not red; The color of liver, spleen and kidney is purple-brown.
For shrimps and crabs, the mucus on the body surface is increased, and the body surface is congested, with tremors, spasms, wild swimming, swollen gill filaments and shedding.
Ammonia nitrogen control index：
The adapted concentration range of freshwater organisms to NH3 is 0.02-2.00mg/L/L. China's water quality standard stipulates that ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.5 mg/L. The Fishery Water Quality Standard stipulates that ammonia concentration should be controlled below 0.02mg/L in aquaculture production. The actual culture should not exceed 0.6mg/L .. In the process of prawn culture, the total amount of ammonia should not exceed 0.5mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content should be below 0.2mg/L .
Solution: can use our aerotube/air diffuser and aerator to increase the oxygen content and reduce the temperature of water.
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